nonprofits

The 100 largest US nonprofits by total revenue.

Index 11.0 · scanned 2026-09-08 · up to 32 URLs per site

39.0median

Middle of 7 cohorts

All cohorts 42.0 · best cohort 47.5
55 of 93 portals block AI crawlers.

Where this list came from

Source: Exempt Organizations Business Master File Extract, Internal Revenue Service (IRS) (2026-09-07)
License: A work of the United States federal government. Not subject to domestic copyright (17 U.S.C. § 105).
How we filtered it: 501(c)(3) organizations ranked by the total revenue on their most recent Form 990 (REVENUE_AMT), excluding entities filing a group return, whose revenue is not one organization's. The population is the true top 100 — we do not skip down the list to find rows with a website, which would select for fame rather than size. The BMF carries no web address, so the URL comes from Wikidata (see the wikidata source) joined on EIN, and roughly half the cohort has none and says so. Hospital systems and universities are not excluded even though they have cohorts of their own: the IRS's own NTEE codes put Northwestern under recreation and Dana-Farber under research, and a leaky filter that drops the wrong organizations is worse than an overlap the comparison can state.
Instead of: The Forbes and NPT 'largest charities' lists, both copyrighted compilations.
Built: 2026-09-08

The filtering is ours and is disclosed as ours. The source published a list; the decision about which rows of it belong in a cohort was a judgment call, and it is written down so somebody can disagree with it.

100 organizations · 93 scanned (93.0% coverage) · scored as nonprofit

The shape of it

39.0

Median score

32.0–45.0

Middle half

26.0–60.0

Full range

Gated outright

GradeShare of the cohort SitesShare

Not ready

47 50.5%

Weak

45 48.4%

Adequate

1 1.1%

By dimension

The mean share of each dimension's available points that this cohort earned. Low here means the whole sector is weak on it, not that one site dragged an average down — the per-site spread is in the dataset.

DimensionMean share earned Mean

#1 · Primary Indicators These parameters determine the fundamental ease of access that AI has to your site information.

40.3% #2 · Rendering and Extraction AI generally turns off JavaScript. Does your site information survive without it?

57.0% #3 · Structured Data and the Entity Graph Does a machine know who and what you are?

30.2% #4 · Crawl, Index and Licensing Hygiene Sitemaps, redirects, 404s, licensing terms, and not wasting the crawl budget.

54.2% #5 · Authorship, Provenance, Freshness Who wrote this, when, and can it be verified?

9.4% #6 · Agent Interfaces Can software actually do things on your site?

88.9% #7 · Alternate Representations Clean machine copies of your content, in Markdown, the language AI understands best.

0.7%

How much of each site we read

The cap is 32 URLs and it is a ceiling, not a promise. A portal whose every link points at a different host yields one page; a university yields the full sample. The median here is 32, the range 1–32 — published so that "we sampled 32 URLs per site" cannot become a claim the data does not support.

2 sites in this cohort served a certificate we could not verify. They were read anyway and scored normally — reporting no response for a site every browser loads would describe our TLS stack rather than the site — and each one carries the finding in its row.

Where this cohort fails

7 tests almost nobody in this cohort passes

Universal — nobody passes these 7 checks · 3 of them worth 2 points or more

TestWhat it asksFailing OfPoints

AIR-1.4 Content Signals declared in robots.txt

100.0% 93 3 AIR-7.1 Markdown companion for every canonical page

100.0% 69 2 AIR-7.3 Accept: text/markdown content negotiation

100.0% 93 2 LI-1 HowTo on procedural content

100.0% 51 0 LI-2 speakable on summaries and ledes

100.0% 93 0 LI-3 IndexNow fires on publish and update

100.0% 93 0 LI-4 Editorial policy page referenced via publishingPrinciples

100.0% 93 0

Near-universal — 95% and above 5 checks · 3 of them worth 2 points or more

TestWhat it asksFailing OfPoints

AIR-3.3 Vertical-specific schema types

97.8% 89 4 AIR-1.10 /llms.txt exists and is generated from the content model

95.7% 93 2 AIR-5.1 Author entity pages with credentials

95.7% 93 2 LI-5 NLWeb endpoint exposed as an MCP server with an ask method

95.7% 93 0 AIR-4.4 Correct X-Robots-Tag on non-HTML resources

95.2% 63 1

Common — 90 to 95% 4 checks · 2 of them worth 2 points or more

TestWhat it asksFailing OfPoints

AIR-1.13 About, Contact, and organizational detail are complete

93.5% 93 2 LI-6 Domain MCP server over real content APIs

92.5% 93 0 AIR-3.5 isAccessibleForFree, about, and mentions with entity references

91.4% 93 1 AIR-3.4 FAQPage and QAPage on genuine question-and-answer content

90.7% 54 2

The population

Every 100, named

Whether or not it has been scanned. Rows with no published URL stay in the table with the reason on them: dropping them would shrink the population to the part that was easy to measure. A few points between two neighbors is noise — click a header to sort by band or by score.

#	Organization	Site	Score	Grade	URLs	Detail
1	Kaiser Foundation Health Plan Inc Gated $82.49B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthy.kaiserpermanente.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
2	Kaiser Foundation Hospitals Gated $38.20B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthy.kaiserpermanente.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
3	Fidelity Investments Charitable Gift Fund $30.63B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	fidelitycharitable.org	51	Weak	32	see the scan
4	National Philanthropic Trust Gated $17.79B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	nptrust.org	47	Weak	32	see the scan
5	Battelle Memorial Institute Gated $13.53B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	battelle.org	37	Not ready	1	see the scan
6	New York University Gated $12.39B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	nyu.edu	38	Not ready	1	see the scan
7	Healthfirst PHSP Inc Gated $12.17B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthfirst.org	41	Weak	32	see the scan
8	Donor Advised Charitable Giving Gated $11.68B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	dafgiving360.org	39	Not ready	1	see the scan
9	Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania $11.67B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	upenn.edu	45	Weak	32	see the scan
10	Dignity Health $11.62B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	commonspirit.org	49	Weak	32	see the scan
11	Banner Health Gated $10.84B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	bannerhealth.com	31	Not ready	32	see the scan
12	The New York and Presbyterian Hospital Gated $10.66B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	nyp.org	46	Weak	32	see the scan
13	Ihc Health Services Inc $10.65B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	intermountainhealthcare.org	47	Weak	32	see the scan
14	NYU Langone Hospitals Gated $10.49B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	nyulangone.org	45	Weak	32	see the scan
15	The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University $10.15B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	boardoftrustees.stanford.edu	—	—	—	—
16	Providence Health & Services Washington Gated $9.73B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	providence.org	32	Not ready	22	see the scan
17	Stanford Health Care 227 Gated $8.68B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	stanfordhealthcare.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
18	Vanderbilt University Medical Center $8.67B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	vanderbilthealth.com	47	Weak	32	see the scan
19	Memorial Hermann Health System Gated $8.56B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	memorialhermann.org	28	Not ready	1	see the scan
20	CareSource Ohio Inc Gated $8.56B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	caresource.com	36	Not ready	32	see the scan
21	Northside Hospital Inc Gated $8.36B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	northside.com	26	Not ready	1	see the scan
22	Advocate Health and Hospitals Corporation Gated $7.81B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	advocatehealth.com	33	Not ready	32	see the scan
23	Cornell University Gated $7.48B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	cornell.edu	36	Not ready	32	see the scan
24	Orlando Health Inc $7.30B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); HTTP 429; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	orlandohealth.com	—	—	—	—
25	Ucare Minnesota Gated $7.08B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	ucare.org	38	Not ready	32	see the scan
26	University of Miami Gated $7.04B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	welcome.miami.edu	33	Not ready	32	see the scan
27	Massachusetts Institute of Technology $6.74B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	povertyactionlab.org	40	Weak	32	see the scan
28	Risant Health Inc $6.73B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	risanthealth.org	—	—	—	—
29	Vanguard Charitable Endowment Program $6.67B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	vanguardcharitable.org	44	Weak	32	see the scan
30	Gs Donor Advised Philanthropy Fund for Wealth Management Inc Gated $6.59B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	gspf.goldman.com	28	Not ready	1	see the scan
31	Novant Health Inc Gated $6.54B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	novanthealth.org	41	Weak	32	see the scan
32	Sentara Health Plans $6.50B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	sentara.com	45	Weak	32	see the scan
33	Inova Health Care Services Gated $6.42B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	inova.org	37	Not ready	32	see the scan
34	University of Rochester $6.42B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	rochester.edu	41	Weak	14	see the scan
35	Duke University Health System Inc $6.17B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	dukehealth.org	42	Weak	32	see the scan
36	Indiana University Health Inc Gated $6.08B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	iuhealth.org	28	Not ready	1	see the scan
37	Ochsner Clinic Foundation Gated $6.04B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	ochsner.org	29	Not ready	32	see the scan
38	Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Mid Atlantic States Inc Gated $6.00B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthy.kaiserpermanente.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
39	Allina Health System $5.93B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	allinahealth.org	44	Weak	32	see the scan
40	University of Southern California $5.93B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	usc.cn	57	Weak	32	see the scan
41	Montefiore Medical Center $5.91B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	montefioreeinstein.org	60	Adequate	32	see the scan
42	Providence Health & Services Oregon Gated $5.91B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	providence.org	32	Not ready	22	see the scan
43	Washington University $5.90B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	washu.edu	46	Weak	32	see the scan
44	Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Gated $5.87B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	cedars-sinai.edu	30	Not ready	1	see the scan
45	Boston Medical Center Health Plan Inc Gated $5.81B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	wellsense.org	38	Not ready	32	see the scan
46	Sutter Bay Hospitals $5.64B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	sutterhealth.org	—	—	—	—
47	University of Chicago $5.62B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	urb-bd.org	41	Weak	1	see the scan
48	Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Northwest Gated $5.40B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthy.kaiserpermanente.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
49	Fairview Health Services Gated $5.33B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	fairview.org	34	Not ready	32	see the scan
50	Henry Ford Health System Gated $5.28B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	henryford.com	40	Weak	32	see the scan
51	Sutter Valley Hospitals $5.14B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	sutterhealth.org	—	—	—	—
52	Scripps Health $5.13B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	scripps.org	43	Weak	32	see the scan
53	Multicare Health System Gated $5.01B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	multicare.org	38	Not ready	1	see the scan
54	Feeding America $5.00B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	feedingamerica.org	45	Weak	32	see the scan
55	SCAN Health Plan Gated $4.95B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	scanhealthplan.com	32	Not ready	4	see the scan
56	Silicon Valley Community Foundation $4.89B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	svcf.org	50	Weak	32	see the scan
57	Yale New Haven Hospital $4.88B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	ynhh.org	46	Weak	1	see the scan
58	Mercy Care Gated $4.88B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	mercycareaz.org	39	Not ready	1	see the scan
59	Advanced Technology International $4.87B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	ati.org	51	Weak	32	see the scan
60	MetroPlus Health Plan Inc Gated $4.87B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	metroplus.org	28	Not ready	1	see the scan
61	Duke University $4.75B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	duke.edu	49	Weak	32	see the scan
62	Baptist Healthcare System Inc $4.71B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	baptisthealth.com	51	Weak	32	see the scan
63	A Mainehealth HCSR Gated $4.71B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	mainehealth.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
64	Mount Sinai Hospital Gated $4.65B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	mountsinai.org	37	Not ready	32	see the scan
65	Long Island Jewish Medical Center Gated $4.62B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	northwell.edu	26	Not ready	1	see the scan
66	Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai $4.49B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); read without verifying the certificate: the certificate does not cover this hostname, so no client can verify it without ignoring the mismatch	icahn.mssm.edu	43	Weak	1	see the scan
67	Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Colorado Gated $4.48B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthy.kaiserpermanente.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
68	Texas Childrens Hospital Gated $4.44B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	texaschildrens.org	42	Weak	32	see the scan
69	Sentara Hospitals $4.43B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	sentara.com	45	Weak	32	see the scan
70	Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Washington Gated $4.37B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthy.kaiserpermanente.org	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
71	Lehigh Valley Hospital $4.27B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	lvhn.org	47	Weak	32	see the scan
72	The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia Gated $4.17B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	chop.edu	39	Not ready	32	see the scan
73	Sutter Bay Medical Foundation $4.06B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	sutterhealth.org	—	—	—	—
74	Northwestern University $4.06B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	northwestern.edu	43	Weak	32	see the scan
75	Dignity Community Care $4.04B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	dignityhealth.org	45	Weak	1	see the scan
76	Peacehealth Gated $4.02B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	peacehealth.org	26	Not ready	1	see the scan
77	Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Gated $3.92B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	dana-farber.org	39	Not ready	32	see the scan
78	American National Red Cross Gated $3.92B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	redcross.org	39	Not ready	1	see the scan
79	North Shore University Hospital Gated $3.86B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	nsuh.northwell.edu	26	Not ready	1	see the scan
80	Florida Health Sciences Center Inc $3.81B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	tgh.org	49	Weak	32	see the scan
81	Chancellor Masters & Scholars of the University of Oxford Gated $3.76B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	ox.ac.uk	26	Not ready	1	see the scan
82	The Johns Hopkins Hospital $3.76B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	hopkinsmedicine.org	46	Weak	32	see the scan
83	Prisma Health - Upstate $3.61B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	prismahealth.org	40	Weak	1	see the scan
84	Health Share of Oregon $3.60B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	healthshareoregon.org	38	Not ready	32	see the scan
85	Childrens Hospital Corporation $3.59B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	childrenshospital.org	41	Weak	1	see the scan
86	University of Pittsburgh Gated $3.57B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	pitt.edu	46	Weak	32	see the scan
87	University of Chicago Medical Center $3.57B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	uchicagomedicine.org	38	Not ready	32	see the scan
88	Childrens Hospital Medical Center Gated $3.57B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	cincinnatichildrens.org	35	Not ready	32	see the scan
89	Trinity Health-Michigan $3.55B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	trinityhealthmichigan.org	42	Weak	32	see the scan
90	Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria $3.54B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	theglobalfund.org	52	Weak	32	see the scan
91	California Institute of Technology Gated $3.53B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); read without verifying the certificate: the certificate chain is incomplete: the server does not send its intermediate, so a client that cannot fetch one itself cannot verify the site. Browsers hide this; most crawlers do not	caltech.edu	32	Not ready	32	see the scan
92	Lee Health System Inc Gated $3.50B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	leehealth.org	28	Not ready	1	see the scan
93	Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Cambridge Gated $3.50B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	cam.ac.uk	42	Weak	32	see the scan
94	Governing Council of the University of Toronto $3.49B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	governingcouncil.utoronto.ca	45	Weak	32	see the scan
95	HonorHealth Gated $3.46B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF)	honorhealth.com	44	Weak	32	see the scan
96	Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Inc Gated $3.44B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	bidmc.org	28	Not ready	1	see the scan
97	City of Hope National Medical Center Gated $3.43B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); the edge returned 403 to AIRBot; destination taken from the redirect rather than loaded	cityofhope.org	36	Not ready	1	see the scan
98	Norton Hospitals Inc $3.37B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	nortonhealthcare.com	—	—	—	—
99	Christiana Care Health Services Inc $3.37B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	christianacare.org	44	Weak	32	see the scan
100	Swedish Health Services $3.34B total revenue (IRS Form 990, BMF); web address supplied by hand, not by the source list	swedish.org	40	Weak	21	see the scan

Scores are for the population, not for ranking two named sites against each other — a few points between neighbors is noise. See what these numbers can and cannot support. Data: sites.csv · checks.csv · summary.json

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